Nursing Interventions for Hepatitis B

Nursing Interventions for Hepatitis B

Setting energy use to treat or prevent fatigue and optimize function. Regular physical exercise to maintain fitness and health.

Anxiety reduction and minimize anxiety, fear or anxiety associated with unknown source or anticipated danger.

Teaching people about the disease, diagnosis and treatment. Facilitation of Learning: Promoting the ability to process and understand information. Increased Readiness Learning: Improving the ability and willingness to receive information.

Infection Protection: Prevention and early detection of infection in patients at risk. Infection Control, Minimizing the acquisition and transmission of infectious agents. Supervision: purposeful and ongoing acquisition.

Surveillance and safety. purposeful and ongoing collection and analysis of information about the client and the environment to be used in promoting and maintaining client safety. Analysis of potential risk factors, determining the health risk, risk reduction strategies and priorities for an individual or group.

5 Nursing Diagnosis for Hepatitis B

 Hepatitis B

• Hepatitis B is a viral infection that attacks the liver and can cause both acute and chronic disease.
• The virus is transmitted through contact with the blood or other body fluids of an infected person.
• Two billion people worldwide have been infected with the virus and about 600 000 people die every year due to the consequences of hepatitis B.
• The hepatitis B virus is 50 to 100 times more infectious than HIV.
• Hepatitis B is an important occupational hazard for health workers.
• Hepatitis B is preventable with the currently available safe and effective vaccine.

Most people do not experience any symptoms during the acute infection phase. However, some people have acute illness with symptoms that last several weeks, including yellowing of the skin and eyes (jaundice), dark urine, extreme fatigue, nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain.

In some people, the hepatitis B virus can also cause a chronic liver infection that can later develop into cirrhosis of the liver or liver cancer.

There is no specific treatment for acute hepatitis B. Care is aimed at maintaining comfort and adequate nutritional balance, including replacement of fluids that are lost from vomiting and diarrhoea.

Some people with chronic hepatitis B can be treated with drugs, including interferon and antiviral agents. Treatment can cost thousands of dollars per year and is not available to most people in developing countries.

Liver cancer is almost always fatal and often develops in people at an age when they are most productive and have family responsibilities. In developing countries, most people with liver cancer die within months of diagnosis. In high-income countries, surgery and chemotherapy can prolong life for up to a few years.

People with cirrhosis are sometimes given liver transplants, with varying success.

5 Nursing Diagnosis for Hepatitis B

1. Activity intolerance
2. Anxiety
3. Knowledge Deficit
4. Risk for infection
5. Risk for injury

2 Nursing Diagnosis Interventions for Hepatitis

Hepatitis

Hepatitis is an inflammation of the liver, most commonly caused by a viral infection. There are five main hepatitis viruses, referred to as types A, B, C, D and E.
Hepatitis A and E are typically caused by ingestion of contaminated food or water. Hepatitis B, C and D usually occur as a result of parenteral contact with infected body fluids (e.g. from blood transfusions or invasive medical procedures using contaminated equipment). Hepatitis B is also transmitted by sexual contact.
The symptoms of hepatitis include jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes), dark urine, extreme fatigue, nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain.(who.int)

Nursing Interventions for Hepatitis
Ineffective breathing pattern related to the collection of intra-abdominal fluid, ascites, decreased lung expansion and accumulation of secretions.
Results :
Adequate breathing pattern
Intervention :

• Monitor the frequency, depth and respiratory effort
• Auscultation additional breath sounds
• Give the semi-Fowler position
• Provide training in breath and cough effectively
• Provide oxygen as needed

Acute Pain related to swelling of the liver, an inflamed liver.
Results :
Showed signs of physical pain and behavior in a pain (do not wince in pain, crying intensity and location)
Intervention :

• Collaboration with individuals to determine methods that can be used for pain intensity.
• Show on client acceptance of the client’s response to pain.
  • Acknowledge the pain
  • Listen attentively to the client expression of pain.
• Provide accurate information and explain the causes of pain, how long the pain will end, if known.
• Discuss with your doctor the use of analgesics that do not contain hepatotoksi effect.

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