Nursing Interventions Risk for Decreased Cardiac Output in Hypertension

Nursing Interventions Risk for Decreased Cardiac Output in Hypertension

Nursing Diagnosis: Risk for Decreased Cardiac Output - Nursing Care Plan for Hypertension

Risk for Decreased Cardiac Output related to vasoconstriction

Expected outcomes are:

• Clients participating in activities that lower blood pressure / load
• cardiac work, maintaining blood pressure within an acceptable range of individuals, showing stable norms and cardiac frequency in the normal range.

Nursing Intervention:

1. Observation of blood pressure (the ratio of pressure to give an overview more complete, the involvement / field of vascular problems).

2. Note the presence, quality of the central and peripheral pulsation (throbbing carotid, jugular, radial and femoral probably observed / palpation.

3. Auscultation of heart and breath sounds tone. (S4 commonly heard in patients with severe hypertension due to atrial hypertrophy, the development of S3 showed ventricular hypertrophy and malfunction, the presence of crackles, wheezing may indicate the occurrence of pulmonary congestion secondary to
or chronic heart failure).

4. Observe skin color, moisture, temperature, and capillary refill time. (a pale, cold, moist skin and slow capillary refill time reflect decompensation / decrease in cardiac output).

5. Note the presence of fever, general / specific. (may indicate a failure heart, kidney or vascular damage).

6. Provide a comfortable, quiet, reduce the activity / fray environment, limit the number of visitors and length of stay. (helping to decrease sympathetic stimulation, increased relaxation).

7. Encourage relaxation techniques, imagination and distraction guide. (can stimuli that lead to lower stress, create a calming effect, that will lower blood pressure).

8. Collaboration with physicians in the delivery of anti-hypertensive therapy, deuritik. (lowers blood pressure).

Risk for Decreased Cardiac Output related to Hypertension

Nursing Care Plan for Hypertension in Pregnancy

Nursing Management of Hypertension

Nursing Assessment for Hypertension

Basic Nursing Assessment data by Doenges (1999) :

1. Activity / Rest
   • Symptoms: weakness, fatigue, shortness of breath, monotonous lifestyle.
   • Signs: The frequency of the heart increases, changes in heart rhythm, tachypnoea.
2. Circulation
   • Symptoms: History of hypertension, atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease / valve and cebrocaskuler disease, episodes of palpitations.
   • Signs: The increase in BP, pulse throbbing clear from the carotid, jugular, radial, tachycardia, valvular stenosis murmur, jugular venous distension, pale skin, cyanosis, cold temperature (peripheral vasoconstriction) filling the capillary may be slow / delayed.
3. Ego Integrity
   • Symptoms: History personality changes, anxiety, multiple stress factors (relationship, financial, work related).
   • Signs: Explosion mood, anxiety, continue narrowing of attention, tears burst, face muscles tense, breathing heaved, increased speech patterns.
4. Elimination
   • Symptoms: Impaired renal current or (such as obstruction or a history of kidney disease in the past).
5. Food / fluid
   • Symptoms: The preferred food that includes foods high in salt, fat and cholesterol, nausea, vomiting and changes in body weight lately (up / down) Historical use of diuretics.
   • Signs: normal weight or obese, the presence of edema, glikosuria.
6. Neuro Sensory
   • Genjala: Complaints of dizziness / headache, throbbing, headache, suboksipital (happens when you wake up and eliminate spontaneously after a few hours) Impaired vision (diplobia, blurred vision, epistaxis).
   • Signs: mental status, changes in waking, orientation, pattern / content of speech, effects, think the process, decreased hand grip strength.
7. Pain / discomfort
   • Symptoms: Angina (coronary artery disease / heart involvement), headache.
8. Respiratory
   • Symptoms: dyspnea related to the activities / work Tachypnoea, orthopnea, dyspnea, cough with or without the formation of sputum, history of smoking.
   • Signs: respiratory distress / respiratory accessory muscle use additional breath sounds (krakties / wheezing), cyanosis.
9. Security
   • Symptoms: Impaired coordination / gait, postural hypotension.

Nursing Diagnosis for Hypertension

1. Risk for Decreased Cardiac Output related to increased afterload, vasoconstriction, myocardial ischemia, ventricular hypertrophy
2. Acute Pain: headache related to increased cerebral vascular pressure
3. Ineffective Tissue perfusion : cerebral, renal, cardiac related to circulatory disorder
4. Knowledge Deficit related to lack of information about the disease process and self-care.