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Function Theory in Behavior Change

This theory is based on the assumption that individual behavior change depending on the needs. This means that a stimulus that can cause changes in a person's behavior when the stimulus is understandable in the context of the person's needs. According to Katz (1960) was based behavior-backs by the needs of the individual concerned. Katz assume that:
  • Behavior has an instrumental function, meaning that it can function and provide services to the needs. A person can act (behave) positive to the object for the fulfillment of their needs. Conversely, if the object can not meet their needs then it will behave negatively. For example, people want to make a toilet, the toilet if really has become needs.

  • Behavior serves as a defense mecanism or as a defense in the face of the environment. That is, the behavior, the actions, to protect human threats coming from outside. For example, people can avoid dengue fever, as the disease is a threat to himself.

  • Behavior serves as a receiver object, and the giver of meaning. In the role of the action, a constantly adjust to the environment. With the day-to-day actions are someone has done decisions with respect to the object or stimulus encountered. Decisions that result in such actions (done spontaneously and in a short time. Example, if a person feels headache, then quickly, without thinking long, he will act to overcome the pain by buying drugs in a stall and then drink it , or other measures.

  • Behavior as a function of one's self expressive values ​​in responding to a situation. Expressive value is derived from the concept of one's self and a reflection of the heartstrings. Therefore, the behavior can be a screen where all people can be self-expression. For example, people who are angry, happy, upset, and so can be seen from the behavior or actions.

This theory believes that the function of the behavior of the function has to face the world outside the individual, and constantly adapt to their environment according to their needs. Therefore, in the conduct of human life seemed to change constantly and relative terms.