Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is a specific syndrome that tends to affect children under 10 years of age. It causes abdominal pain, hemorrhage (bleeding), and circulatory collapse (shock).
Symptoms such as headache, fever, exhaustion, severe joint and muscle pain, swollen glands (lymphadenopathy), and rash. The presence (the "dengue triad") of fever, rash, and headache (and other pains) is particularly characteristic of dengue fever.
Nursing Assessment for Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever.
Assessment
a. Subjective data
- Weak.
- Heat or fever.
- Headache.
- Anorexia, nausea, thirst, painful swallowing.
- Heartburn.
- Pain in the muscles and joints.
- Stiffness throughout the body.
- Constipation.
b. Objective data
- High body temperature, shivering, redness of the face looks.
- Dry oral mucosa, bleeding gums, tongue dirty.
- Red spots appear on the skin (petechiae), torniquet test (+), epistaxis, ecchymosis,
- Hyperemia of the throat.
- Epigastric tenderness.
- On palpation palpable enlarged liver and spleen.
- On shock (degree IV) rapid and weak pulse, hypotension, cold extremities, restlessness, peripheral cyanosis, shallow breathing.
Laboratory tests in DHF will be found:
- Ig G positive dengue.
- Thrombocytopenia.
- Hemoglobin increase> 20%.
- Hemoconcentration (hematocrit increased).
- Blood chemistry workup showed hypoproteinemia, hyponatremia, hypochloremic.
On day 2 and 3 occur leukopenia, neutropenia, aneosinofilia, increased lymphocytes, monocytes, and basophils
- SGOT / SGPT may be increased.
- Urea and blood pH may be elevated.
- Bleeding time elongated.
- Metabolic acidosis.
- On urine examination found mild albuminuria.