Constipation / Diarrhea related to Anemia

Constipation / Diarrhea related to Anemia

Nursing Diagnosis: Constipation / Diarrhea related to a reduction in dietary inputs, changes in digestion, the side effects of oral therapy.

Signs :

• frequency change
• characteristics and the amount of feces
• nausea / vomiting
• anorexia
• sudden abdominal pain
• impaired bowel sounds.

Expected outcomes are:

• normal bowel function
• behavioral changes necessary to live as the cause.

Nursing Intervention:

• Observation of color, consistency, frequency, amount.
• Auscultation of bowel sounds
• Supervise the input / output
• Encourage input 2500-3000 ml
• Consult with a nutritionist: high-fiber diet
• Give an enema as indicated
• Give anti-diarrheal medications as indicated.

Imbalanced Nutrition: Less Than Body Requirements - Anemia Nursing Diagnosis and Interventions

Imbalanced Nutrition: Less Than Body Requirements - Anemia Nursing Diagnosis and Interventions

Nursing Diagnosis: Imbalanced Nutrition: Less Than Body Requirements

Signs:

• weight loss,
• oral mucosal changes,
• loss of muscle tone

Expected outcomes are: weight gain / stable with normal laboratory values​​, no sign of malnutrition.

Nursing Intervention:

• Observation and record food intake
• Measure weight every day
• Observation of nausea / vomiting, flatulence and other symptoms
• Give and good oral hygiene aids
• Give your dessert is diluted when the oral mucosa injury
• Monitor lab results: Hb / HMT, protein, iron, B12, folic acid and serum electrolytes
• Give the drug as interuksi: vitamins, minerals, oral iron
• Give soft diet, low in fiber, did not stimulate.

Source : http://nanda-nursing-care-plan.blogspot.com/2012/07/imbalanced-nutrition-less-than-body_14.html

Activity Intolerance - Anemia Nursing Diagnosis and Intervention

Activity Intolerance - Nursing Diagnosis and Intervention for Anemia

Nursing Diagnosis: Activity Intolerance
Symptoms: weakness, plenty of rest, palpitations, tachycardia, increased BP, dyspnea.

Expected outcomes are:
increase in activity tolerance; pulse, respiration and blood pressure normal.

Nursing Intervention:

• Assess the ability to perform the task, record the presence of fatigue and difficulty performing tasks
• Assess the running balance disorders and muscle weakness
• Monitor vital signs during and after activity
• Change position slowly, monitor for dizziness
• Give assistance activity / ambulation if necessary
• Encourage to stop activity when palpitations, chest pain, shortness of breath, weakness and dizziness.

Nursing Care Plan for Anemia - Nursing Diagnosis and Interventions

Anemia is a clinical condition in which total number of red blood cells or the quantity of hemoglobin in blood declines than the normal level so the oxygen binding ability of hemoglobin is decreased.
Anemia is a relatively common disorder where one’s body does not produce enough red blood corpuscles (or cells) in the blood. As a result, the reduced number of cells does not have enough of the protein hemoglobin, which contains iron and transports oxygen around one’s bloodstream, thus the patient feels weak and looks pale – the most noticeable symptoms of anemia.
Types of Anemia

• Iron deficiency anemia;
• Folate deficiency anemia;
• Sickle Cell Disease; and
• Thalassemia.

Anemia in some individuals may remain hidden as the symptoms do not arise very frequently. The signs and symptoms may depend upon the underlying cause. Individuals suffering from anemia generally show non-specific symptoms like weakness, general malaise and poor concentration. They may also report shortness of breath on exertion. In very severe forms the body compensates for the lack of oxygen carrying capacity of blood cells by increasing the cardiac output. The patient may also complain of palpitation, angina, and intermittent claudication of legs and signs of heart failure. Other prominent symptoms include jaundice, bone deformities or leg ulcers. In severe forms tachycardia, bounding pulse, flow murmurs and cardiac ventricular hypertrophy may also occur. Symptoms of heart failure may also arise. Pica, a symptom of iron deficiency arises after the consumption of non-food items like paper, wax, glass and ice. Chronic anemia may also cause behavioral changes in the children resulting in impaired neurological development. Restless legs syndrome is very common in individuals with iron deficiency anemia. Less frequent symptoms include swelling of legs, arms, chronic heartburn, vomiting, increased sweating and loss of blood in stool.

Nursing Diagnosis for Anemia – Nursing Interventions for Anemia
1. Nursing Diagnosis: Ineffective Tissue Perfusion
Goal: Adequate tissue perfusion
Nursing Interventions for Anemia:

• Monitoring of vital signs, capillary refill, color of skin, mucous membranes.
• Raising the head position in bed
• Check and document the presence of pain.
• Observation of a delay in verbal response, confusion, or restlessness
• Observing and documenting the existence of the cold.
• Maintain the ambient temperature to keep warm the body needs.
• Provide oxygen as needed.

2. Nursing Diagnosis: Activity Intolerance
Goal: Support the child remain tolerant of the activity
Nursing Interventions for Anemia:

• Assess children’s ability to perform activities in accordance with physical and developmental tasks of children.
• Monitoring vital signs during and after activity, and noted a physiological response to activity (increased heart rate increased blood pressure, or rapid breathing).
• Provide information to the patient or family to stop doing activities if teladi symptoms of increased heart rate, increased blood pressure, rapid breathing, dizziness or fatigue).
• Provide support to children to perform daily activities in accordance with the child’s ability.
• Teach parents techniques provide reinforcement to the participation of children at home.
• Create a schedule of activities with the children and families by involving other health care team.
• Describe and provide recommendations to the school about the child’s ability to perform the activity, the ability to monitor activity on a regular basis and explain to parents and schools.

3. Nursing Diagnosis: Imbalanced Nutrition Less Than Body Requirements
Goal: Meet the needs of adequate nutrition
Nursing Interventions for Anemia:

• Allow the child to eat foods that can be tolerated child, plan to improve the nutritional quality at the child’s appetite increases.
• Provide food that is accompanied by a nutritional supplement to improve the quality of nutritional intake.
• Allow the child to engage in food preparation and selection
• Evaluate the child’s weight every day.

Source : http://nursingdiagnosisinterventions.com/3-nursing-diagnosis-and-interventions-for-anemia

10 Nursing Diagnosis for Anemia

Nursing Diagnosis for Anemia

Anemia is a decrease in number of red blood cells (RBCs) or less than the normal quantity of hemoglobin in the blood. However, it can include decreased oxygen-binding ability of each hemoglobin molecule due to deformity or lack in numerical development as in some other types of hemoglobin deficiency.

Causes of Anemia

Except for the acute form, anemia is a result of systemic toxemia and acidosis-a condition of poisons, toxins and accumulated waste products floating in the blood - and lymph-streams, and of enervation or lowered nerve-tone. There is either an accumulation of these injurious substances due to failure of eliminative organs to handle a normal amount of such products, or they are produced in such considerable quantities that even normal organs, eliminating a normal amount or more than a normal amount of eliminations can not remove them rapidly enough. They have the effect of poisoning the organs that make the blood cells, which produce a deficient amount of blood cells or altered blood cells.
The signs and symptoms of this disease are:
1. Paleness
2. Headache
3. Irritability
Symptoms of more severe iron deficiency anaemia include:
1. Dyspnea
2. Rapid heartbeat
3. Brittle hair and nails

Clinical Manifestations of Anemia

Clinical symptoms that appear to reflect impaired function of the various systems in the body including decreased physical performance, neurological (nerve) which is manifested in changes in behavior, anorexia (loss emaciated), and abnormal cognitive development in children. Growth abnormalities often occur, epithelial dysfunction, and reduced gastric acidity.

Anemia can cause fatigue, weakness, lack of energy and the head was floating. If the anemia gets worse, can lead to stroke or heart attack (Sjaifoellah, 1998).

Here is  11 Nursing Diagnosis for Anemia - Nursing Care Plan for Anemia

1. Activity Intolerance
2. Impaired oral mucous membrane
3. Imbalanced Nutrition: Less than Body Requirements
4. Constipation/Diarrhea
5. Risk for Infection
6. Risk for deficient fluid volume
7. Deficient Knowledge regarding condition, prognosis, treatment, self-care, prevention of crisis, and discharge needs,
8. Fatigue
9. Fear
10. Ineffective coping