Gastritis is basically an erosion of the stomach lining, which can occur suddenly due to certain factors or happen gradually over a longer period of time. Inflammation or irritation of the lining of the stomach is also a form of gastritis.
Gastritis can occur in adults and in children, which when left untreated can give rise to other gastrointestinal problems. There can be a number of different causes that give rise to gastritis. An infection caused by Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) or other bacteria and viruses living in the mucous lining of the stomach could be one of the causes. A back flow of bile from the bile tract into the stomach, which is known as bile reflux could give rise to gastritis. Pernicious anemia, which is the stomach's inability to properly digest vitamin B12 could be another cause.
Acute Pain Definition: Unpleasant sensory and emotional experience arising from actual or potential tissue damage or described in terms of such damage (International Association for the Study of Pain); sudden or slow onset of any intensity from mild to severe with an anticipated or predictable end and a duration of less than 6 months
Pain is a highly subjective state in which a variety of unpleasant sensations and a wide range of distressing factors may be experienced by the sufferer. Pain may be a symptom of injury or illness. Pain may also arise from emotional, psychological, cultural, or spiritual distress. Pain can be very difficult to explain, because it is unique to the individual; pain should be accepted as described by the sufferer. Pain assessment can be challenging, especially in elderly patients, where cognitive impairment and sensory-perceptual deficits are more common.
Nursing Care Plan for Gastritis
Nursing Diagnosis: Acute pain related to irritation of the gastric mucosa secondary to psychological stress.
Goal:
After the act of nursing, pain can be reduced, patients can rest and generally good condition.
Expected outcomes are:
- Clients express the pain diminished or disappeared.
- The client does not grimace in pain.
- Vital signs are within normal limits.
- The pain intensity was reduced (reduced pain scale 1-10).
- Demonstrate relax, rest, sleep, increased activity quickly.
Nursing Interventions:
- Investigate complaints of pain, note the location, intensity of pain, and pain scale.
- Instruct patient to report pain as soon as it began.
- Monitor vital signs.
- Explain the causes and effects of pain on the client and his family.
- Encourage rest during the acute phase.
- Encourage relaxation techniques.
- Provide an environment conducive situation.
- Collaboration with the medical team in the delivery of the action.
Rationale:
- To find out where the pain and facilitate interventions to be performed.
- Early intervention to facilitate recovery of muscle control pain by decreasing muscle tension.
- Autonomic responses include, changes in blood pressure, pulse, respiration, associated with pain relief.
- With the causes and consequences of pain the client is expected to participate in treatment to reduce pain.
- Reduce pain that was exacerbated by movement.
- Decrease muscle tension, increase relaxation, and increased sense of control and coping abilities.
- Provide support (physical, emotional, increased sense of control, and coping skills).
- Eliminate or reduce the client's complaints of pain.